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A biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. The set of cellular processes occurring in the host cell that contribute to the process of posttranscriptional gene inactivation ('silencing') both of viral gene(s), and host gene(s) homologous to the viral genes. The cellular process by which cells stop growing or dividing in response to increased cell density. The cellular process by which a physical entity or change in state, a signal, is created that originates in one cell and is used to transfer information to another cell. This process begins with the initial formation of the signal and ends with the mature form and placement of the signal. The process by which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes. Targeting involves coordinated interactions among cytoskeletal elements (microtubules or actin filaments), motor proteins, molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces, and vesicle cargo. The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell. A cellular process that is involved in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. The initial attachment of a membrane or protein to a target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere. A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell wall. Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. A cellular process that results in a change in the spatial configuration of a DNA molecule. A conformation change can bend DNA, or alter the, twist, writhe, or linking number of a DNA molecule. Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. Progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan. The process whereby glial cells envelop neuronal cell bodies and/or axons to form an insulating layer. This can take the form of myelinating or non-myelinating ensheathment. A cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases. Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. The process by which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells. The process by which a cell in a multicellular organism interprets its surroundings. Any process involved in mediating the movement of discrete segments of DNA between nonhomologous sites. The directed, self-propelled movement of a cellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition. Any transcriptional or post-transcriptional process carried out at the cellular level that results in long-term gene inactivation. Competitive interactions within multicellular organisms between cell populations that differ in growth rates, leading to the elimination of the slowest-growing cells. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microtubule organizing center attachment site. A microtubule organizing center attachment site is a region of the nuclear envelope to which a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) attaches. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the periplasmic space, the region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria, or the inner membrane and cell wall in fungi. The appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism. Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. The process by which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. The process of opening or closing of stomata, which is directly related to the stomatal conductance (measuring rate of passage of either water vapor or carbon dioxide (CO2) through stomata). Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. The cellular process by which a complex containing RNA and proteins is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. The reception of a photon by a cell. The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a cell by a cellular process that begins with the formation of membrane-bounded vesicles in which the transported substances are enclosed or located in the vesicle membrane. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. Any process carried out at the cellular level by which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a macromolecular complex. A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. null The maintenance of the integrity of extrachromosomal plasmid DNA; includes processes that ensure plasmids are retained in the daughter cells after cell division. Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady-state at the level of the cell. The deposition or aggregation of coloring matter in a cell. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. The process by which a membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. The process whereby a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. This process includes the actual movement of the solute, and any regulation and preparatory steps, such as reduction of the solute. Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. The controlled release of a substance by a cell. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

View Gene Ontology (GO) Term

GO TERM SUMMARY
Name: cellular process
Acc: GO:0009987
Aspect: Biological Process
Desc: Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
Synonyms:
  • GO:0008151
  • cell growth and/or maintenance
  • cell physiology
  • cellular physiological process
  • GO:0050875
Proteins in PDR annotated with:
   This term: 162 [Search]
   Term or descendants: 75288 [Refine Search]


[geneontology.org]
INTERACTIVE GO GRAPH

GO:0009987 - cellular process (interactive image map)
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