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The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. The process by which a transformation is induced in the geometry of a DNA double helix, resulting in a change in twist, writhe, or both, but with no change in linking number. Includes the unwinding of double-stranded DNA by helicases. A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts). The process by which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands. The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.

View Gene Ontology (GO) Term

GO TERM SUMMARY
Name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding
Acc: GO:0000717
Aspect: Biological Process
Desc: The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.
Proteins in PDR annotated with:
   This term: 10 [Search]
   Term or descendants: 10 [Search]


[geneontology.org]
INTERACTIVE GO GRAPH

GO:0000717 - nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding (interactive image map)
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