Cdc4, a protein required for the onset of S phase, serves an essential function during G(2)/M transition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;19(8):5512-22. doi: 10.1128/MCB.19.8.5512.

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins Cdc4 and Cdc20 contain WD40 repeats and participate in proteolytic processes. However, they are thought to act at two different stages of the cell cycle: Cdc4 is involved in the proteolysis of the Cdk inhibitor, Sic1, necessary for G(1)/S transition, while Cdc20 mediates anaphase-promoting complex-dependent degradation of anaphase inhibitor Pds1, a process necessary for the onset of chromosome segregation. We have isolated three mutant alleles of CDC4 (cdc4-10, cdc4-11, and cdc4-16) which suppress the nuclear division defect of cdc20-1 cells. However, the previously characterized mutation cdc4-1 and a new allele, cdc4-12, do not alleviate the defect of cdc20-1 cells. This genetic interaction suggests an additional role for Cdc4 in G(2)/M. Reexamination of the cdc4-1 mutant revealed that, in addition to being defective in the onset of S phase, it is also defective in G(2)/M transition when released from hydroxyurea-induced S-phase arrest. A second function for CDC4 in late S or G(2) phase was further confirmed by the observation that cells lacking the CDC4 gene are arrested both at G(1)/S and at G(2)/M. We subsequently isolated additional temperature-sensitive mutations in the CDC4 gene (such as cdc4-12) that render the mutant defective in both G(1)/S and G(2)/M transitions at the restrictive temperature. While the G(1)/S block in both cdc4-12 and cdc4Delta mutants is abolished by the deletion of the SIC1 gene (causing the mutants to be arrested predominantly in G(2)/M), the preanaphase arrest in the cdc4-12 mutant is relieved by the deletion of PDS1. Collectively, these observations suggest that, in addition to its involvement in the initiation of S phase, Cdc4 may also be required for the onset of anaphase.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anaphase
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / physiology*
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins
  • F-Box Proteins*
  • Fungal Proteins / genetics
  • Fungal Proteins / metabolism
  • Fungal Proteins / physiology*
  • G2 Phase*
  • Gene Deletion
  • Hydroxyurea / pharmacology
  • Metaphase*
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / physiology
  • Point Mutation
  • S Phase*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / cytology*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
  • Securin
  • Spindle Apparatus / physiology
  • Spindle Apparatus / ultrastructure
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases*

Substances

  • CDC4 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins
  • F-Box Proteins
  • Fungal Proteins
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • PDS1 protein, S cerevisiae
  • SIC1 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Securin
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • Hydroxyurea