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Protruding complex at the anterior end of some life cycle stages of all apicomplexan parasites, involved in both the attachment and penetration of the host cell by the parasite. An enzyme complex that catalyzes the hydrolysis of bonds in a cyclic nucleotide. Structure within the hyphal tip of filamentous fungi that acts as an organizing center for hyphal tip growth; may function to supply vesicles to the elongating tip and/or to organize cytoskeletal microfilaments. A transmembrane protein complex involved in the translocation of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. In Gram-negative bacteria, Sec-translocated proteins are subsequently secreted via the type II, IV, or V secretion systems. Sec complex components include SecA, D, E, F, G, Y and YajC. The side of the cell parallel to the zygotic axis. An flavoprotein that catalyzes the reaction the breakdown of dimethyl(ribityl)lumazine to form riboflavin and ribitylamino-amino-dihydroxypyrimidine. Any constituent part of an external encapsulating structure, a structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell. A large, club-shaped secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex of an apicomplexan parasite, and consists of a bulbous body and a narrow electron-dense neck that extends through the conoid at the apical tip of the parasite. The rhoptry necks serve as ducts through which the contents of the rhoptries are secreted after attachment to the host has been completed and at the commencement of invasion. Rhoptry proteins function in the biogenesis and host organellar association of the parasitophorous vacuole. A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. Any constituent part of a cell projection, a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. Complex that possesses nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] activity. The volume enclosed by the rhoptry membrane. A multienzyme complex that catalyzes the formation N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate from carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate. It exhibits a variety of architectural organizations, but in all microorganisms the core catalytic component is a homotrimer of approximately 34 kDa polypeptides. A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers. The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or inner membrane and cell wall (Fungi). Any constituent part of a cell septum, a structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells. A protuberance from a cell of an organism that reproduces by budding, which will grow larger and become a separate daughter cell after nuclear division, cytokinesis, and cell wall formation (when appropriate). The daughter cell may completely separate from the mother cell, or the mother and daughter cells may remain associated. A complex consisting of two membrane proteins and one extracytoplasmic solute receptor. Such transporters transport a variety of substrates without direct ATP power, instead using energy from ion gradients. Either of two different areas at opposite ends of an axis of a cell. A complex of three secretory proteins that carry out secretion in the type I secretion system: an inner membrane transport ATPase (termed ABC protein for ATP-binding cassette), which provides the energy for protein secretion; an outer membrane protein, which is exported via the sec pathway; and a membrane fusion protein, which is anchored in the inner membrane and spans the periplasmic space. A complex of approximately 20 proteins, most of which are located in the cytoplasmic membrane that carries out protein secretion in the bacterial type III secretion system; type III secretion also requires a cytoplasmic, probably membrane-associated ATPase. A heterotrimeric protein complex formed by the association of NHE3, E3KARP and alpha-actinin upon an increase in calcium ion concentration; found in clusters localized on plasma membrane and in intracellular compartments. The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. A protein complex that contains the cell-surface protein CD20 and the Src family tyrosine kinases Lck, Lyn and Fyn. A protein complex that contains the cell-surface protein CD20 and the Src family tyrosine kinases Lck and Fyn. A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis. Enzyme complex consisting of four proteins: the two subunits of the hydroxylase component (hcaE and hcaF), a ferredoxin (hcaC) and a ferredoxin reductase (hcaD). Converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) into cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol (PP-dihydrodiol). A complex of proteins that permits the transfer of proteins into the extracellular milieu or directly into host cells via the type VI secretion system. Proteins secreted by this complex do not require an N-terminal signal sequence. Any constituent part of the cell division plane, the eventual plane of cell division in a dividing cell. Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. A complex of proteins related to those involved in bacterial DNA conjugative transfer, that permits the transfer of DNA or proteins into the extracellular milieu or directly into host cells. In general the type IV complex forms a multisubunit cell-envelope-spanning structure composed of a secretion channel and often a pilus or other surface filament or protein(s). Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The structure enclosing an apicomplexan parasite cell; consists of the cell membrane with its associated infrastructure of microtubules, microfilaments and other organelles. A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein. An enzyme complex that catalyzes the reduction of trimethylamine N-oxide to trimethylamine. An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of nitrate from nitrite with the concomitant reduction of an acceptor. An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of formate to produce carbon dioxide (CO2). A membrane structure formed of two closely aligned lipid bilayers that lie beneath the plasma membrane and form part of the pellicle surrounding an apicomplexan parasite cell. A protein complex that possesses methane monooxygenase activity; dimeric and trimeric complexes have been characterized. Any part of a cell where non-isotropic growth takes place. The eventual plane of cell division (also known as cell cleavage or cytokinesis) in a dividing cell. The cleavage apparatus, composed of septin structures and the actomyosin contractile ring, forms along this plane. The mitotic, or meiotic, spindle is aligned perpendicular to the division plane. A structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells. A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex. An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. An electron dense ring at the most posterior position of the apical complex, from which the subpellicular microtubules originate; formed during an invasive life cycle stage of an apicomplexan parasite. An electron dense ring at the most anterior position of the apical complex, from which the conoid fibers originate; formed during an invasive life cycle stage of an apicomplexan parasite. The portion of the cell soma (cell body) that excludes the nucleus. A cell or part of the cell that constitutes an early developmental stage of a spore, a small reproductive body that is highly resistant to desiccation and heat and is capable of growing into a new organism, produced especially by certain bacteria, fungi, algae, and nonflowering plants. A structure involved in coupling stereocilia to one another in sensory hair cells There are four morphologically distinct types: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors and ankle links. Tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilia links associated with mature cochlea, whereas ankle links appear during development of the auditory hair bundle. The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. null A highly specialized structure unique to microsporidia that is required for host cell invasion. In the spore, the polar tube is connected at the anterior end, and then coils around the sporoplasm. Upon appropriate environmental stimulation, the polar tube rapidly discharges out of the spore, pierces a cell membrane and serves as a conduit for sporoplasm passage into the new host cell. The area of a motile cell opposite to the direction of movement. The area of a motile cell perpendicular to the direction of movement. A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell. A generic term for parts of cells prepared by disruptive biochemical techniques. An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of dimethyl sulfide from dimethyl sulfoxide. The region of a cell situated near the base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the basal surface rests on the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. A protein complex that possesses polyphosphate kinase activity. The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs. A macromolecular complex that cytoskeletal components and part of the cell membrane, forms at the nuclear end of a male germline syncytium, or cyst, and translocates the over the length of the syncytium in the course of sperm individualization. Each complex contains an array of 64 investment cones, one per nucleus, that move synchronously along the spermatogenic cyst. Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The portion of the myelin sheath in which layers of cell membrane are tightly juxtaposed, completely excluding cytoplasm. The juxtaposed cytoplasmic surfaces form the major dense line, while the juxtaposed extracellular surfaces form the interperiod line visible in electron micrographs. Non-compact myelin located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier in a myelin segment. These non-compact regions include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for synthesizing the myelin. Lateral loops are found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier, while Schmidt-Lantermann clefts are analogous structures found within the compact myelin internode. A region in the lower half of some cells formed from extensive infoldings of the basal plasma membrane; includes cytoplasm adjacent to the infolded membrane. The slender tubular outgrowth first produced by most spores in germination. A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits. A cytoskeletal structure composed of filamentous protein that forms beneath the membrane of many cells or organelles, in the plane of cell or organelle division. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells or organelles.

View Gene Ontology (GO) Term

GO TERM SUMMARY
Name: cell part
Acc: GO:0044464
Aspect: Cellular Component
Desc: Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
Synonyms:
  • protoplast
Proteins in PDR annotated with:
   This term: 10 [Search]
   Term or descendants: 85883 [Refine Search]


[geneontology.org]
INTERACTIVE GO GRAPH

GO:0044464 - cell part (interactive image map)
YRC Informatics Platform - Version 3.0
Created and Maintained by: Michael Riffle