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Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules. An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. Several ribosomes bound to one mRNA.

View Gene Ontology (GO) Term

GO TERM SUMMARY
Name: polysomal ribosome
Acc: GO:0042788
Aspect: Cellular Component
Desc: A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome.
Synonyms:
  • active ribosome
Proteins in PDR annotated with:
   This term: 5 [Search]
   Term or descendants: 5 [Search]


[geneontology.org]
INTERACTIVE GO GRAPH

GO:0042788 - polysomal ribosome (interactive image map)
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