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Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei. The rotation of centrosomes and associated pronuclei in one-cell embryos such as those of Caenorhabditis elegans, occurring as a transition between pronuclear migration and pronuclear fusion. Removal of the sperm nuclear envelope, allowing entry of maternal factors into the sperm nucleus. Any process by which bicoid mRNA is transported to and maintained within the oocyte as part of the specification of the anterior/posterior axis. The specialization of the spermatid nucleus during the development of a spermatid into a mature male gamete competent for fertilization. Unwinding of the condensed nuclear chromatin of an inactive sperm nucleus. The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellar axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of the eukaryotic sperm flagellum, and is responsible for movement. Replacement of sperm-specific chromosomal proteins with somatic histones, to allow the paternal genome to acquire a nucleosomal chromatin organization compatible with nuclear activity. Fusion of mitochondria during insect spermatid differentiation to form two masses, which wrap around each other to form a densely packed sphere called the Nebenkern. The synthesis, deposition, and organization of the materials in a cell of an ovary; where the cell can then undergo meiosis and form an ovum. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The regulated release of progesterone, a steroid hormone, by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta. The phase of growth and gene expression that male germ cells undergo as they enter the spermatocyte stage. The cells grow in volume and transcribe most of the gene products needed for the morphological events that follow meiosis. The directed movement of substances within a cell by a cellular process that begins with the formation of membrane-bounded vesicles in which the transported substances are enclosed or located in the vesicle membrane which are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane contributing to the shedding of a floral organ. The mitotic divisions of the primary spermatogonial cell (a primordial male germ cell) to form a cyst of secondary spermatogonia (primary spermatocytes). The four rounds of incomplete mitosis undergone by the cystoblast to form a 16-cell cyst. Within the cyst, one cell differentiates into an oocyte while the rest become nurse cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The directed movement of a germ cell from their site of production to the gonad, through the attraction of cells towards their target. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an immature germ cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure (gamete). A germ cell is any reproductive cell in a multicellular organism. Programmed cell death of an errant germ line cell that are outside the normal migratory path or ectopic to the gonad. This is an important mechanism of regulating germ cell survival within the embryo. The directed movement of a germ cell from their site of production to the gonad, through the repulsion of cells away from a tissue. The process whereby the generative cell divides by mitosis to form two haploid cells. These will subsequently differentiate into sperm cells. The net movement of nuclei towards one another as a prelude to karyogamy in organisms undergoing conjugation with cellular fusion. During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after cytogamy. Establishment of the specialized cytoplasm found at the poles of the egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. Maintenance of the oocyte nucleus in a particular position within the cell during the establishment and maintenance of the axes of the oocyte. An example of this process is found In Drosophila melanogaster. Assembly of the haploid nucleus of the unfertilized egg. Penetration of the egg shell through the micropyle (a specialized anterior opening in the vitelline envelope) and entry of the entire sperm, including the surrounding plasma membrane and the sperm tail, into the egg cytoplasm. This step in fertilization is seen in Drosophila, where a plasma membrane fusion event between the sperm and the egg does not occur. The conversion at fertilization of the inactive sperm nucleus into a male pronucleus with its chromosomes processed for the first zygotic division. The initial contact step made between the sperm plasma membrane and outer layer of the egg during fertilization. Recruitment and organization of actin filaments in female germline ring canals. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pole cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Maintenance of the structural integrity of the ring canals connecting the female germline cyst. Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a pole cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand that contributes to the process of floral organ abscission. Formation of a cluster of germ-line cells derived from a single founder cell. The meiotic divisions undergone by the primary and secondary spermatocytes to produce a cyst of haploid spermatids. The process whereby relatively unspecialized cells acquires specialized structural and functions of a neuroendocrine cell of the prostate gland acinus. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell of the prostate glandular acinus. Construction of the vitelline membrane portion of the egg shell, a rigid structure required to maintain the shape of the egg. The process that occurs during oogenesis involving the ovarian follicle cells, somatic cells which surround the germ cells of an ovary. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The proteolytic digestion of components in the acrosomal matrix that allows for their release into the egg. The dispersal of the components allows for the inner acrosomal membrane to interact with the egg. The removal of nonhomologous sequences at the broken 3' single-strand DNA end before DNA repair synthesis can occur. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins when cells respond to a lack of nutrients in the environment and ends when the fruiting body is a mature structure. The cellular process by which an seed oilbody is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. Seed oilbodies are simple organelles comprising a matrix of triglyceride surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer embedded and covered with unique proteins called oleosins. Seed oilbodies supply the energy requirements for the growth of the seedling after germination. A process required for sperm to reach fertilization competence. Sperm undergo an incompletely understood series of morphological and molecular maturational processes, termed capacitation, involving, among other processes, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and increased intracellular calcium. The series of molecular signals that bring about the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to a cue, such as starvation or pheromone exposure, in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Hulle cells over time, from their formation to the mature structures. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body. The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell projection in response to mating pheromone. This process is observed in unicellular fungi. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized immature germ cell acquires the specialized features of a mature female gamete. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phialides over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. Chains of conidia, or asexual spores, develop from the phialide tips. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sorocarp stalk cell, any of the cellulose-covered cells that form the stalk of a sorocarp. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum. Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of mating type upon an individual. Mating types are the equivalent in microorganisms of the sexes in higher organisms. The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell contributing to the specification of the animal/vegetal axis of an oocyte. The site-specific endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA at the mating-type locus which initiates the conversion of one mating-type allele to another. Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted and contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted contributing to the progression of the prostate gland over time. The attachment of a somatic follicle cell to another somatic follicle cell or to its substratum, the germline cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The resumption of the mitotic cell division cycle by pheromone-arrested cells that have not mated. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The orderly movement of epithelial cells from one site to another contributing to the elongation of the primary prostatic bud. The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form. The process aimed at the progression of a microsporocyte cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A microsporocyte is a diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell. The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules that contributes to the elongation of the primary prostatic bud. The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell of the prostate gland to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland. Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase in the context of conjugation with cellular fusion. The process by which an ascospore wall is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. The change in shape of the spermatid nucleus from a spherical structure to an elongated organelle, during the latter part of spermatid differentiation. The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the gametes. Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase in the context of conjugation with cellular fusion. The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development. Process by which a germarium-derived cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oocyte cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The directed movement of an ovarian follicle cell that takes place during oogenesis. During egg chamber formation, follicle cells migrate to envelop the germ-line cysts and move in between cysts. At stage 10B, follicle cells migrate centripetally between the nurse cells and the oocyte, enclosing the anterior of the egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The process that mediates the interactions between somatic cells and gonadal cells that ultimately results in the specification of sexual status of the organism. The production of yolk. Yolk is a mixture of materials used for embryonic nutrition. Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. The process whereby the egg becomes metabolically active, initiates protein and DNA synthesis and undergoes structural changes to its cortex and/or cytoplasm. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a tapetal cell. The tapetum is a layer of cells that provides a source of nutrition for the pollen grains as they mature. The merging of two pronuclei in a fertilized egg to fuse and produce a single zygotic genome. Polarization of the ovarian follicle cells along the dorsal/ventral axis. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Leydig cell. A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. The discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule following the sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida surrounding the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents into the egg. The progressive compaction of the spermatid chromatin so that it reaches a level of condensation that is not compatible with nuclear activities such as transcription or DNA replication. The process by which nurse cells undergo apoptosis. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptosis. The replacement of somatic histones within sperm chromatin with sperm-specific histones or protamines with unique DNA-binding properties, resulting in condensation of the sperm chromatin. A process of cell wall organization that contributes to conjugation with cellular fusion. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism. The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores. The series of molecular signals mediated by follicle-stimulating hormone. The process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a tapetal cell of anthers in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. Any process by which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The process by which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores. A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization. The process, involving the sharing and interaction of the single locus incompatibility haplotypes, involved in the recognition or rejection of the self pollen by cells in the stigma. This process ensures out-breeding in certain plant species. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Sertoli cell. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a Sertoli cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a Sertoli cell fate. The release of intracellular molecules contained within the acrosomal granule by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of the oocyte, requiring calcium ions. The posttranslational phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine that is part of the acrosome reaction. The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an oocyte. The process by which the structures of an oocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of an oocyte. The actin-based process by which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules forming part of a cell wall that contribute to cytogamy. The process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol after fertilization or the physiological activation of an egg. The process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules contained within a cortical granule by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. A cortical granule is a specialized secretory vesicle that is released during egg activation that changes the surface of the egg to prevent polyspermy. Synergid cells undergo degeneration and death in response to penetration by the pollen tube. It is an active process that involves a dramatic decrease in cell volume, collapse of the vacuoles, and complete disintegration of the plasma membrane and most organelles. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of metulae over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip. The process whereby a subpopulation of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte acquires the specialized features of an ovarian cumulus cell. The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. Ovarian follicle demise mediated by apoptosis. The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an apical cell. The apical cell is the upper cell formed after the first division of the zygote. The process by which pollen deposited on the stigma adheres to cells of the stigma. The interaction between a pollen grain and pistil. The process whereby an uncellularized embryo sac nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of an egg cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei. The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break at the mating-type locus to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang. A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a single-celled organism. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of polar granules, cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregates in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes. A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a sexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of meiosis. The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a spermatid cell. The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an asexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of mitosis. Examples of this process are found in Bacterial species. A cellular process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall that contributes to the process of floral organ abscission. Establishment and maintenance of a specific axis of polarity of the oocyte microtubule network. The axis is set so that the minus and plus ends of the microtubules of the mid stage oocyte are positioned along the anterior cortex and at the posterior pole, respectively. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. Formation and maintenance of a polarized microtubule array originating from a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a haploid sperm cell within the plant gametophyte. The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell during the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. Growth of pollen via tip extension of the intine wall. Development of ovarian follicle cells to create the interfollicular stalks that connect the egg chambers of progressive developmental stages. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. Polarization of the follicle cells of an insect ovary along the anterior/posterior axis. The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA, involved in the conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another. The chromosome organization process by which meiotic chromosomes in the oocyte nucleus cluster together to form a compact spherical structure called the karyosome. The process by which the pollen tube adheres to cells of the stigma and style. The production by an organism of new individuals that contain some portion of their genetic material inherited from that organism. The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine that contributes to the establishment of DNA methylation patterns in the gamete. The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane Smoothened-type protein in the mesenchymal cells of the prostate that contribute to the progression of the prostate over time. This process contributes to lung development. The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. The process by which the ascospore nucleus becomes surrounded by a specialized spore wall. Occurs by deposition of spore wall components in the lumenal space between the outer and inner leaflets of the prospore membrane. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The division of the zygote in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the embryo sac to produce a larger basal cell near the micropyle and a small terminal cell close to what was the central cell and is now the developing endosperm. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana. Structural modification of the spindle pole body that takes place during the second meiotic division during ascospore formation; includes the recruitment of sporulation-specific proteins to the outer plaque to form the meiotic outer plaque (MOP). Attachment of the nurse cell nucleus to the plasma membrane. The process by which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M) as a result of a pheromone stimulus. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome of ovarian cells, an organelle derived from the spectrosome. It anchors the mitotic spindle pole to provide orientation during cystoblast cell divisions. The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during sexual reproduction in order to facilitate direct contact between the compatible mating types in organisms that undergo conjugation cellular fusion. A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome of testicular cells, an organelle derived from the spectrosome. The process by which the cellular identity of Sertoli cells is acquired and determined. During conjugation with cellular fusion, the aggregation or adhesion of compatible mating types via complementary cell-cell interactions. An example of this process is agglutination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The multiplication or reproduction of Sertoli cells, resulting in the expansion of the Sertoli cell population. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. Formation of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a male cyst. Assembly of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a female cyst.

View Gene Ontology (GO) Term

GO TERM SUMMARY
Name: reproductive cellular process
Acc: GO:0048610
Aspect: Biological Process
Desc: A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism.
Proteins in PDR annotated with:
   This term: 0
   Term or descendants: 1956 [Search]


[geneontology.org]
INTERACTIVE GO GRAPH

GO:0048610 - reproductive cellular process (interactive image map)
YRC Informatics Platform - Version 3.0
Created and Maintained by: Michael Riffle