Abstract
Nuclear protein export is mediated by nuclear export signals (NESs), but the mechanisms governing this transport process are not well understood. Using a novel protein export assay in S. cerevisiae, we identify CRM1 as an essential mediator of nuclear protein export in yeast. Crm1p shows homology to importin beta-like transport factors and is able to specifically interact with both the NES motif and the Ran GTPase. A mutation in the shuttling protein Crm1p affects not only protein export, but also mRNA export, indicating that these pathways are tightly coupled in S. cerevisiae. The presented data are consistent with the conclusion that Crm1p is a carrier for the NES-mediated protein export pathway. We propose CRM1 be renamed exportin 1 (XPO1).
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Biological Transport / physiology
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Carrier Proteins / genetics
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Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
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Cell Nucleus / chemistry
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism*
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Cytoplasm / chemistry
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Cytoplasm / metabolism
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Exportin 1 Protein
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Fungal Proteins / genetics
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Fungal Proteins / metabolism*
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GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Karyopherins
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Mutagenesis / physiology
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Protein Binding / physiology
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear*
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Temperature
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
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ran GTP-Binding Protein
Substances
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Carrier Proteins
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Fungal Proteins
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Karyopherins
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Nuclear Proteins
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RNA, Messenger
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
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Transcription Factors
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GTP-Binding Proteins
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ran GTP-Binding Protein