Abstract
Dynein is a minus-end-directed microtubule motor with critical roles in mitosis, membrane transport and intracellular transport. Several proteins regulate dynein activity, including dynactin, LIS1 (refs 2, 3) and NudEL (NudE-like). Here, we identify a NUDEL homologue in budding yeast and name it Ndl1. The ndl1delta null mutant shows decreased targeting of dynein to microtubule plus ends, an essential element of the model for dynein function. We find that Ndl1 regulates dynein targeting through LIS1, with which it interacts biochemically, but not through CLIP170, another plus-end protein involved in dynein targeting. Ndl1 is found at far fewer microtubule ends than are LIS1 and dynein. However, when Ndl1 is present at a plus end, the molar amount of Ndl1 approaches that of LIS1 and dynein. We propose a model in which Ndl1 binds transiently to the plus end to promote targeting of LIS1, which cooperatively recruits dynein.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
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Dyneins / genetics
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Dyneins / metabolism*
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Endoribonucleases / genetics
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Endoribonucleases / metabolism
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Fungal Proteins / genetics
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Fungal Proteins / metabolism
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Gene Expression / genetics
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Immunoprecipitation
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Kinesins
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Microscopy, Fluorescence
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Microtubule Proteins / genetics
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / genetics
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism*
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / physiology*
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Microtubules / metabolism*
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Mitosis / physiology
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Models, Biological
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Molecular Motor Proteins
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Mutation
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Phenotype
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Protein Binding
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae / physiology
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / genetics
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / physiology*
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Spindle Apparatus / physiology
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Transformation, Genetic
Substances
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BIM1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Bik1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Cell Cycle Proteins
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Fungal Proteins
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KAR9 protein, S cerevisiae
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KIP2 protein, S cerevisiae
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KIP3 protein, S cerevisiae
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Microtubule Proteins
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins
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Molecular Motor Proteins
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Ndl1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Nuclear Proteins
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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Tub1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Endoribonucleases
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PAC1 protein, S cerevisiae
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Dyneins
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Kinesins