Spindle pole bodies in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe are required during meiosis, not only for spindle formation but also for the assembly of forespore membranes. The spo15 mutant is defective in the formation of forespore membranes, which develop into spore envelopes. The spo15(+)gene encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 223 kDa, containing potential coiled-coil regions. The spo15 gene disruptant was not lethal, but was defective in spore formation. Northern and western analyses indicated that spo15(+) was expressed not only in meiotic cells but also in vegetative cells. When the spo15-GFP fusion gene was expressed by the authentic spo15 promoter during vegetative growth and sporulation, the fusion protein colocalized with Sad1p, which is a component of spindle pole bodies. Meiotic divisions proceeded in spo15delta cells with kinetics similar to those in wild-type cells. In addition, the morphology of the mitotic and meiotic spindles and the nuclear segregation were normal in spo15delta. Intriguingly, transformation of spindle pole bodies from a punctate to a crescent form prior to forespore membrane formation was not observed in spo15delta cells. We conclude that Spo15p is associated with spindle pole bodies throughout the life cycle and plays an indispensable role in the initiation of spore membrane formation.